Perceptions on Pregnancy Critical Thinking

Many view pregnant women as special people who require special attention and who are always in need of assistance. It is common for people to give way for pregnant women to pass, help carry their groceries to the car and other helpful gestures. However, this also depends on age. In some cultures, young unmarried expectant ladies might be treated with contempt and avoided by some. According to Crawford, the reaction to pregnancy can be viwed in terms of benevolent and hostile sexism (Crawford, 2001, P. 277). The woman can either be pampered and be treated as special in the case of benevolent sexism, or, the woman can be discriminated against, like when making job applications. These reactions might contribute greatly to a woman’s emotonal responses to pregnancy. The benevolent sexists might make a pregnant woman feel overwhelmed with the new status due to the expectations ‘placed’ on her. This special treatment might make the whole journey of childbirth seem bigger and more important, putting the woman at a loss and making her feel incapable of fullfilling this ‘huge’ responsibility. The hostile sexists might make women feel fulnerable due to their condition. The woman might fear attempting things that would expose her to such an embarrassment. Crawford states that these two reactions sustain social inequality and exposes the women to ‘an extra dose of sexuality’ since their condition is evident (P. 277). The media representation of motherhood has been that of the able woman who can handle her pregnancy, childbirth and child-rearing with ease, respect and a certain decorum that almost every other society expects of the pregnant woman. Crawford explains that the media representation of a mother as a superwoman, subtle in her ways, and with no sexual expression is false (p. 275). She further states that the Madona image of a mother who is successful in everyhting and balances career with being a wife and a mother; is not practical and put a lot of pressure on women. When a woman is expectant, at some point they have to take time of work to have the baby and nurse. This affects her career as she has a lot of catching up to do once she resumes. Some women also choose to quit work and become stay-at-home mothers. Crawford explains that the impact on career is dependent on the mother’s social class. Middle class women mostly quit their jobs and rare their children while the low class women are forced to get jobs to be able to provide for their families (p. 278). References Crawford, M. 2011. Transformations: Women, Gender, and Psychology. MCGraw Hill.

Disruption Of The Airline Industry - 1226 Words

Disruption in the Airline Industry Prepared by: Mark Lanz City University of Seattle, IS-330, winter 2016/2017 Abstract Keywords: hypothesis Disruption in the Airline Industry Conceptual air carrier, Poppi, provides the framework for an analysis that will be discussed throughout this paper in regards to disruptive technologies and their effect on the airline industry. Baltzan (2015, p. 231) observes that disruptive technologies are â€Å"a new way of doing things that initially does not meet the needs of existing customer.† Shu (2015) offers the airline industry is continually trying to reinvent itself to attract attention and increase revenue. However, the stress and headaches experienced by most†¦show more content†¦Similar to Uber and Airbnb, Teague’s concept would absolutely offer disruption to the status quo of air travel (Shu, 2015). The conceptual air carrier is called Poppi and they have analyzed the stress experienced by travelers and other industry shortcomings to focus on the needs of the passenger while ignoring established industry practices. Would these radical ideas offered by Poppi c reate a wake-up call for the airline industry, and particularly legacy carriers? Professor Taneja explains that most airlines acknowledge the importance of disruptive innovation, however, their degree of reaction varies greatly from one carrier to another (Accenture, 2017). He also notes the industry is divided in their reaction to disruption with some continuing business as usual and others completely overhauling how they do business altogether. Strategies for transformation in dealing with each carrier’s workforce, processes, and legacy systems requires the right mindset and leveraging emerging technologies. Poppi attempts to addresses these issues while focusing on what bothers air travelers most and changing the mindsets of major carriers to envision the future of air travel. Wilson (2015) reports Devin Liddell, Teague’s principle brand strategist, would eliminate carry-on luggage and reduce the size of overhead bins to only accommodate personal items such as compu ter bags and jackets. Teague conducted boarding simulationsShow MoreRelatedRailway Labor Act And Impact On Modern Day Airlines1564 Words   |  7 PagesRailway Labor Act and Impact on Modern Day Airlines For decades, the railroad industry was in a period of great economic political, and industrial changes in the United States. The industrial boom was taking its toll on the United States, and the widespread violent work stoppages were detrimental to the railroad industry due to tensions escalating between unions and workers. President Calvin Coolidge was strongly vocal about the issue and urged railroads and unions to recommend legislation to improveRead MoreExternal Factor Airline Industry833 Words   |  4 PagesExternal Factors: Oportunities * Acquisitions * Asset leverage * Financial markets (raise money through debt, etc) * Emerging markets and expansion abroad * Innovation * Online * Product and services expansion * Membership of any airline alliance will help to increase reach via code share agreements * Leverage on association with coffee company like Starbucks to provide onboard coffee by creating awareness in all coffee outlets * International flights and global expansion * PotentialRead MoreExternal Analysis PESTL Analysis1224 Words   |  5 Pagesmodel. Thereafter, an analysis of the industry and competitive environment of AirAsia will assist in identifying the main oppurtunities and threats. 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This paper will explain two factors related to the airline industry that were most affected, the American people and the economy. People had many different reactions to the attacks on September 11th. Some people became more fearful and scared to fly. The airline industry was affected because people were canceling their flights. â€Å"Immediately after the attacks, domesticRead MoreThe Deregulation Of The Airline Industry1037 Words   |  5 Pagesall commercial airlines under the Railway Labor Act. Since then, there was a period of 42 years under economic regulation where the government oversaw labor relations. Since deregulation, the goals of collective bargaining have not changed much, nor have the objectives of management and labor unions. (Wensveen, 2011, p. 422) The deregulation of the airline industry may have been a win for passengers, but most likely not a win for labor groups. Prior to deregulation the airline industry was highly unionized

Placebo and Nocebo free essay sample

In Helen Pilcher’s article, â€Å"The New Witch Doctors: How Belief Can Kill,† she discusses the ethical dilemmas of the power of patients’ beliefs in the nocebo and placebo effects. The power of belief is so strong it can either make the patient feel better or become even sicker. This causes a problem for doctors because no matter how they state the truth it always ends up becoming a problem in the end. A placebo is a dummy pill that can produce a very real response in the patient. This effect convinces people that they will feel better when in reality they did not take any medication. The expectations of the patient play an important role in the placebo effect; the more a person expects the treatment to work, the more likely he or she is to feel better. For example, a patient participates in a study to determine the effectiveness of a new headache drug. We will write a custom essay sample on Placebo and Nocebo or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page After taking the drug, she finds that her headache quickly disappears and she feels much better. However, she later learns that she was in the placebo group and that the drug she was given was just a sugar pill. This patient was highly motivated by her belief that this treatment would actual work. Even though the placebo effect is just a dummy pill it can cause problems with the patient who is undergoing the treatment. Pilcher states, â€Å" Placebos cannot produce miracles, but they do produce measurable physical effects,† (page 2). Once a patient believes that the pill may or may not work they start experiencing the sides effects to this dummy pill. This can make the paitent become again knowing the treatment was not working. Therefore, the placebo effect depends on the person and how they react to medication. For instance, an optimistic patient is to more likely believe that these pills may work because that is what the physician told him. Pilcher states, â€Å"Women tend to operate more on past experiences† (page 4). Women tend to react as others react; if others around them are sick women tend to catch that cold. However, whereas the placebo effect causes patients to feel better with no medication, with the nocebo effect, patients believe medication can hurt them, so they feel worse after taking a pill. The nocebo effect is the  phenomenon in which inert substances actually bring about negative effects in a patient. For some, when a doctor informs a patient about a pill or procedure’s potential side effects, it can bring about real life symptoms. Moreover, if a doctor tells a patient that he only has five years to live, that patient is prone to have that negative thought in his mind. Pilcher quotes Guy Montgomery saying, â€Å"It can happen days before, or on the journey on the way in†(page 4). This negative mind set is making the patient become even more ill then he originally is. This suggests that because the power of belief, if the patient thinks he is truly going to die in five years, he will. Furthermore, doctors have much bigger power over their patients because their patients trust their medical expertise. Many people believe that if something can hurt you, it will. Helen Pilcher quotes Meador in her article saying, â€Å"Bad news promotes bad physiology† (page 5). This all depends on how much information doctor’s relay to their patients, as well as how they present that information. However, there are also solutions that are able to make the nocebo effect not as problematic. The first solution is hypnosis, which decreases patients’ anxiety and stress. When a patient is told how much longer they have to live, the patient now has to live with heightened anxiety and stress, causing them to lose the motivation to become better. Another solution that can solve the stress of the nocebo effect is doctors choosing their words carefully. In Pilcher’s article, Montgomery states, â€Å"Its all about how you say it† (Page 3). Doctors should know how to tell a patient what may happen or what side effects may occur more calmly then abruptly. When a doctor is going to approach the patient who only has five more years to live, that patient would want his doctor to be sympathetic about his situation. Because some patients may suffer side effects when doctors tell them they will, it is the doctor’s fault if they feel ill. However, doctors should still tell patients the truth in a way that keeps up the patients’ motivation, and minimizes their anxiety and stress levels. This allows people to be in the know about their health, without planting ideas in their head that will make them feel worse.

Sam Adams Biography free essay sample

The second part of the paper will describe retain aspects of Samuel Adams life as read in chapters 2 and 3 of the biography entitled Samuel Adams; Father of the American Revolution by Mark pull. Samuel Adams was born on September 27, 1722 in Boston, Massachusetts. He grew up in a strong, moral and intellectual family who had a Strong belief in the church and valued education above all else. Interest in politics ran in the Adams family as well. His father, Deacon Samuel Adams was the founder of Bosons Caucus Club, which was made up of working class people who would meet to discuss political views.As a child growing up listening to these tenting, Samuel Adams had showed interest in the government. Because the family was very religious as well, it was expected of Sam to one day become a minister. Spending his childhood devoted to religion and the church, he believed that he would turn out to be one as well. We will write a custom essay sample on Sam Adams Biography or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page (AY, AY) At the age of fourteen, Sam Adams enrolled in Harvard University. There he studied Hebrew, Latin, and Greek, philosophy, science, writing and public speaking. He seemed to enjoy writing and philosophy the most. John Locke was his favorite philosopher and he took much interest in his writings.Locke leveled that the government did not have the right to tax people without the consent of the people through their elected representatives. Whenever the power that is put in any hands for the government of the people, and the protection of our properties, is applied to other ends, and made use of to impoverish, harass or subdue them to the arbitrary and irregular commands of those that have it; there it presently becomes tyranny, whether those that thus use it are one or many. (Locke, Second Treatise, Chapter 18) Adams studied these ideas nonstop, ultimately influencing and shaping his political sews. AY) Samuel Adams was different from other scholars, he was not interested in power, business or materialistic things. He took interest in the Civil liberties of his fellow men. At the age of the seventeen, Adams graduated from Harvard university. However he decided to continue with school to earn his masters degree, which he received in 1743. While in graduate school, Dams father decided to start a Land Bank. Since this was during time of the Currency Act, he tried to issue paper currency as a plan to help the struggling colonists. However, not everyone agreed with this. The upper class of Boston requested the British Parliament took action. The bank resulted in being shut down, leaving the Adams in poor economic condition. Worried for his family, Sam Adams wanted to drop out of school so he could help them out. His family wouldnt hear of it, so instead he starting working throughout college. Adams disagreed with Parliaments decision entirely and thought the British had violated the rights of a man to retain his own property. Although he was brought up to be a minister, he found his calling in politics and civil liberties.At the beginning of his political career, Sam Adams became a tax collector in Boston for a number of years. He soon became a member of the CaUCUS Club and was elected to the Massachusetts assembly the Great and General Court. Adams helped control local elections and participated in the town meetings. He was active in many of other organizations among Boston as well, such as the Loyal Nine, the North End Caucus and the Sons of Liberty. With his great involvement in politics, Sam Adams soon came to realize that Parliaments rule and power over the colonies was unfair. AY , El) After the costly Seven Years War, Britain was in a great amount of debt. In order to help pay it off, the government decided to have the colonists be Of assistance. In 1 764, Prime Minister George Greenville passed the first revenue on the colonists, the Sugar Act. Not many colonists thought twice over the new tax. Sam Adams was in shock that no one found this an issue. He considered the Sugar Act a violation of self-government and that the colonists could not allow Parliament to keep taxing them.Adams believed this would lead to more taxes, more royal officials, dependence of Britain, and eventually loud take away the colonists freedom of self-government. As a dedicated federalist, he knew the alliance between Britain and the colonies must be broken. (Pull, Chapter 2) In a way to try to put a stop to the Sugar Act, Adams attempted to strategies a boycott Of English goods. By not buying anymore Of the goods and canceling orders, it was hoped that the British merchants would complain to the government and request a repeal of the act. Adams believed that this was a civil rights matter and the colonists right to self-government was being violated. He tried to unite the colonies and enlighten them of the idea that taxation was just a means of eliminating colonial rights. However, the colonists thought there werent anything wrong with the tax and did not believe they had the ability to rebel against Britain. Therefore, the majority of colonists did not participate in the boycott and continued to pay the tax. Adams kept trying to persuade the colonists, knowing that excess taxation would lead to a submissive nation to England.The governor of Massachusetts however denied the right to assemble, so the attempt to stop the new tax was a failure. Pull, Chapter 2) Because the protests over the Sugar Act were dismissed, a year later another new tax was being planned. Parliament, still in need of more money, proposed the Stamp Act. This was a tax on all paper and printed goods sold within the colonies. With the colonists in uproar, Sam Adams became a convincing voice that their liberties were being taken away and that the boycott he had originally planned for the Sugar Act should be reinstated and reinforced. Little by little, the colonists began to realize he was right.As another attempt to try to put a stop to these unreasonable taxes, Adams wrote up a statement of colonial rights as well as a petition to King George Ill. The Sons of Liberty, a secret Whig society, as well as other revolutionists began to take up the cause with Sam Adams. They tried once again to assemble the thirteen colonies for a unified resistance. This time it was a success regardless of the governors efforts. (Pull, Chapter 3) Many protests had taken place throughout Boston by the angered colonists. Sam Adams was not happy about this though, he wanted to protest in a non- violent and peaceful matter.The Stamp Act congress had been put in order y the united colonists, which was the first organized petition to the King of England. They argued that taxation without representation violated the civil rights of all British subjects. Sam Adams once said, When the colonies saw the common danger, they at the same time saw their mutual dependence, and mutually called in the assistance of each other (Pull, 57). The issues over the taxes had finally been addressed, and It had been acknowledged that the Stamp Act was not enforceable in Massachusetts. The legislature was to reopen the sessions, arguing that Parliament would be unwilling to repeal the ax while colonists denied it authority over America. (Pull, Chapters 2-3) Dams name became more and more well-known and respected among the colonies. His writings and ideas of independence and colonial rights were encouraging and influential to the colonists. They never would have thought that breaking free from Englands rule would be as possible as it was now. No matter what Parliament tried to throw at them, the colonists remained united and followed revolutionist, Sam Adams.Adams made instructions and strategies for every scenario, such as the Townsend Acts. He was a major nutrition and influence in the Boston Tea Party, and had a major role in the recovery of the Boston Massacre. They were getting closer and closer to freedom and they would do whatever possible to reach it. (Pull Chapter 3, El) By changing the colonists views and confidence of freedom, Adam had accomplished what he had longed for. The Revolution had begun, and the colonists were no longer dependent on Britain. After many battles and moralities, America had finally won their independence.